Here's a short collection of interesting words for animals with designations of sex, age, purpose from human animal's perspective.
sire │ male parent
dam │ female parent
When did the tiger's young ones teach the dam?
O, do not learn her wrath- she taught it thee;
The milk thou suck'dst from her did turn to marble,
Even at thy teat thou hadst thy tyranny.
Yet every mother breeds not sons alike:
[To CHIRON] Do thou entreat her show a woman's pity.
—Shakespeare in Titus Andronicus ]
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younglings:
fledgling │ bird
gosling │ goose
kid │ goat
calf │ cow,bull,elephant, whale..
chick │ chicken
cub │ bear, wolf, lion
duckling │ duck
lamb │ sheep
fawn │ deer
leveret │ hare
puppy │ pup, dog
kitten │ cat
kit │ cat, or fur bearing animal
foal │ horse
joey │ kangaroo
pullet │ domestic hen
suckler │ suckling calf or mammal
whelp │ mammal: dog, wolf. │ Two of thy whelps, fell curs of bloody kind,/ Have here bereft my brother of his life. [Shakespeare in Titus Andronicus Titus Andronicus ]
yearling │ She looked straight into his eyes. “'Kill the yearlings,'” she said very gently. “'Kill the calves.'” [James Agee in A Mother's Tale]
weanling │ child or animal
fatling │ fattened youngling for sale
poulard │ A young hen that has been spayed for fattening.
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pony │ any type of horse that is small when mature
Sex
cock │
rooster │ Another Rooster in the Hen House —from Joker of a dialogue in movie Batman (1989).
capon │ A male chicken castrated when young to improve the quality of its flesh for food
gander │ male goose
hart │ A male deer, especially a male red deer over five years old.
To-morrow, and it please your Majesty
To hunt the panther and the hart with me,
With horn and hound we'll give your Grace bonjour.
—Shakespeare in Titus Andronicus Titus Andronicus ]
ox │ castrated adult bull
bullock │ castrated bull
steer │ A young ox, especially one castrated before sexual maturity and raised for beef
stag │ male deer.
tomcat │ male cat
gib │ male cat, esp. castrated
filly │ young female horse
ewe │ female sheep.
hen │ A female bird, especially adult domestic fowl; female octopus or lobster.
bitch │ A female canine animal, especially a dog
cow │ The mature female of other large animals, such as whales, elephants, or moose.
doe │ female deer, hare, goat, or kangaroo.
sow │ adult female hog, bear.
mare │ female horse
cattle │ cows, steers, bulls, oxen… bred for human curlinery pleasure.
colt │ young male horse
stud │ horses kept for breeding
stallion │ uncastrated male horse, esp. for breeding