VocabularyLiteratureEnglishing WritingAccents漢語

Xah Lee,


# legend
# 
# -c:=cmavo, language related
# -m:=math, number related
# -nn:=things (noun), concrete
# -na:=things (noun), abstract
# -n:=nouns of all sorts
# -vb:=verb, primitive action involving body parts: eat, drink, run
# -vd:=verb that is descriptive in nature: obey
# -va:=abstract verb: curious, wondering, thinking
# -e:=emotion: angry, hate, love, happy
# -f:=all food 
# -s:=sexual
# -o:=opposites, abstract ideas. long/short, big/small
# -as:=abstract, social: ideas of civilization: society, politics, religion
# -a:=abstract
# -he:=human expression: embarrassment
# -d:=descriptive: bright, difficult
###############


-a balvi ≔ x1 is in the future of/later than/after x2 in time sequence; x1 is latter; x2 is former 
-a purci ≔ x1 is in the past of/earlier than/before x2 in time sequence; x1 is former; x2 is latter 
-a taske ≔ x1 thirsts for x2; x1 needs/wants drink/fluid/lubrication x2 
-a xagji ≔ x1 hungers for x2; x1 needs/wants food/fuel x2 
-as clite ≔ x1 is polite/courteous/civil in matter x2 according to standard/custom x3 
-as larcu ≔ x1 (process) is an art [creative application] of craft/skill x2 (idea/activity) 
-c bangu ≔ x1 is a/the language/dialect used by x2 to express/communicate x3 (si'o/du'u, not quote) 
-c cmavo ≔ x1 is a structure word of grammatical class x2, with meaning/function x3 in usage (language) x4 
-c cmene ≔ x1 (quoted word(s)) is a/the name/title/tag of x2 to/used-by namer/name-user x3 (person) 
-e zungi ≔ x1 feels guilt/remorse about x2 (abstraction) 
-f jukpa ≔ x1 cooks/prepares food-for-eating x2 by recipe/method x3 (process) 
-m bancu ≔ x1 exceeds/is beyond limit/boundary x2 from x3 in property/amount x4 (ka/ni) 
-m cmaci ≔ x1 is a mathematics of type/describing x2 
-m dugri ≔ x1 is the logarithm of x2 with base x3 
-m dukse ≔ x1 is an excess of/too much of x2 by standard x3 
-m jetnu ≔ x1 (du'u) is true/truth by standard/epistemology/metaphysics x2 
-m jganu ≔ x1 is an angle [2-dimensional shape/form] from vertex x2 subtended by lateral [segment] x3 
-m vimcu ≔ x1 removes/subtracts/deducts/takes away x2 from x3 with/leaving result/remnant/remainder x4 

-nn jmifa ≔ x1 is a shoal [shallow hazard]/reef of material x2 in body of water x3 
-nn rirxe ≔ x1 is a river of land mass x2, draining watershed x3 into x4/terminating at x4 
-nn cmana ≔ x1 is a mountain/hill/mound/[rise]/[peak]/[summit]/[highlands] projecting from land mass x2 

-n bakfu ≔ x1 is a bundle/package/cluster/clump/pack [shape/form] containing x2, held together by x3 
-na banxa ≔ x1 is a bank owned by/in banking system x2 for banking function(s) x3 (event) 
-n batke ≔ x1 is a button/knob/[handle] on/for item x2, with purpose x3, made of material x4 
-n bolci ≔ x1 is a ball/sphere/orb/globe [shape/form] of material x2; x1 is a spherical object [made of x2] 
-nn cange ≔ x1 is a farm/ranch at x2, farmed by x3, raising/producing x4; (adjective:) x1 is agrarian 
-nn canko ≔ x1 is a window/portal/opening [portal] in wall/building/structure x2 
-na menli ≔ x1 is a mind/intellect/psyche/mentality/[consciousness] of body x2 
-nn misno ≔ x1 (person/object/event) is famous/renowned/is a celebrity among community of persons x2 (mass) 
-na nuzba ≔ x1 (du'u) is news/tidings/new information about subject x2 from source x3, to observer x4 
-n papri ≔ x1 is a [physical] page/leaf of book/document/bound mass of pages x2 
-n prosa ≔ x1 is prose about plot/theme/subject x2 by author x3 for intended audience x4 
-n sonci ≔ x1 is a soldier/warrior/fighter of army x2 
-n sovda ≔ x1 is an egg/ovum/sperm/pollen/gamete of/from organism [mother/father] x2 
-n tcana ≔ x1 is a station/node of/in/on transport/communication/distribution system/network x2 
-n tivni ≔ x1 broadcasts/televises programming x2 via medium/channel x3 to television receiver x4 
-n tonga ≔ x1 is a tone/note of frequency/pitch x2 from source x3 
-n voksa ≔ x1 is a voice/speech sound of individual x2 
-n vreji ≔ x1 is a record of x2 (data/facts/du'u) about x3 (object/event) preserved in medium x4 
-n xampo ≔ x1 is x2 ampere(s) [metric unit] in current (default is 1) by standard x3 
-n xamsi ≔ x1 is a sea/ocean/gulf/[atmosphere] of planet x2, of fluid x3; (adjective:) x1 is marine 
-n xarci ≔ x1 is a weapon/arms for use against x2 by x3 
-n xatra ≔ x1 is a letter/missive/[note] to intended audience x2 from author/originator x3 with content x4 
-na bende ≔ x1 is a crew/team/gang/squad/band of persons x2 directed/led by x3 organized for purpose x4 
-na datni ≔ x1 (du'u) [fact/measurement] is data/information/statistic(s) about x2 gathered by method x3 
-na vorme ≔ x1 is a doorway/gateway/access way between x2 and x3 of structure x4 
-na vrici ≔ x1 (set/mass/ind.) is miscellaneous/various/assorted in property x2 (ka) 
-nn baktu ≔ x1 is a bucket/pail/can/deep, solid, wide-topped container of contents x2, made of material x3 
-nn balni ≔ x1 is a balcony/overhang/ledge/shelf of building/structure x2 
-nn balre ≔ x1 is a blade of tool/weapon x2 
-nn cripu ≔ x1 is a bridge/span over/across x2 between x3 and x4 [unordered, typically destination first] 
-nn toknu ≔ x1 is an oven [enclosure that heats its contents] for baking/heating/drying x2 
-nn vidni ≔ x1 is a video monitor/CRT/screen [machine] serving function x2 
-nn xislu ≔ x1 is a wheel [tool] of device/vehicle x2, made of materials/having properties x3 

-s gletu ≔ x1 copulates/f�cks/mates/has coitus/sexual intercourse with x2 

banzu ≔ x1 (object) suffices/is enough/sufficient for purpose x2 under conditions x3 
bapli ≔ x1 [force] (ka) forces/compels event x2 to occur; x1 determines property x2 to manifest 

-a bargu ≔ x1 arches/curves over/around x2 and is made of x3; x1 is an arch over/around x2 of material x3 

-n barja ≔ x1 is a tavern/bar/pub serving x2 to audience/patrons x3 

-n barna ≔ x1(s) is a/are mark(s)/spot(s) on x2 of material x3 
basna ≔ x1 emphasizes/accentuates/gives emphasis/stress/accent to x2 by (action) x3 
betri ≔ x1 is a tragedy/disaster/tragic for x2 
bidju ≔ x1 is a bead/pebble [shape/form] of material x2 
bilga ≔ x1 is bound/obliged to/has the duty to do/be x2 in/by standard/agreement x3; x1 must do x2 
bilma ≔ x1 is ill/sick/diseased with symptoms x2 from disease x3 
bilni ≔ x1 is military/regimented/is strongly organized/prepared by system x2 for purpose x3 
binra ≔ x1 insures/indemnifies x2 (person) against peril x3 (event) providing benefit(s) x4 (event) 
birti ≔ x1 is certain/sure/positive/convinced that x2 is true 
-nn bitmu ≔ x1 is a wall/fence separating x2 and x3 (unordered) of/in structure x4 

-n bliku ≔ x1 is a block [3-dimensional shape/form] of material x2, surfaces/sides x3 
-nn bloti ≔ x1 is a boat/ship/vessel [vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3 

-n boxna ≔ x1 is a wave [periodic pattern] in medium x2, wave-form x3, wave-length x4, frequency x5 
bunda ≔ x1 is x2 (def. 1) local weight unit(s) [non-metric], standard x3, subunits [e.g. ounces] x4 
cafne ≔ x1 (event) often/frequently/commonly/customarily occurs/recurs by standard x2 
-a canci ≔ x1 vanishes/disappears from location x2; x1 ceases to be observed at x2 using senses/sensor x3 
cando ≔ x1 is idle/at rest/inactive 
canlu ≔ x1 is space/volume/region/room [at-least-3-dimensional area] occupied by x2 
canpa ≔ x1 is a shovel/spade [bladed digging implement] for digging x2 
-n carce ≔ x1 is a cart/carriage/wagon [wheeled vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3 
-d carmi ≔ x1 is intense/bright/saturated/brilliant in property (ka) x2 as received/measured by observer x3 
catni ≔ x1 has authority/is an official in/on/over matter/sphere/persons x2 derived on basis x3 
cecmu ≔ x1 is a community/colony of organisms x2 
cedra ≔ x1 is an era/epoch/age characterized by x2 (event/property/interval/idea) 
cenba ≔ x1 varies/changes in property/quantity x2 (ka/ni) in amount/degree x3 under conditions x4 
cerda ≔ x1 is an heir to/is to inherit x2 (object/quality) from x3 according to rule x4 

-a cerni ≔ x1 is a morning [dawn until after typical start-of-work for locale] of day x2 at location x3 
certu ≔ x1 is an expert/pro/has prowess in/is skilled at x2 (event/activity) by standard x3 
cfari ≔ x1 [state/event/process] commences/initiates/starts/begins to occur; (intransitive verb) 
cfila ≔ x1 (property - ka) is a flaw/fault/defect in x2 causing x3 
cfine ≔ x1 is a wedge [shape/form/tool] of material x2 
cinje ≔ x1 is a wrinkle/crease/fold [shape/form] in x2 
cinri ≔ x1 (abstraction) interests/is interesting to x2; x2 is interested in x1 
cinse ≔ x1 in activity/state x2 exhibits sexuality/gender/sexual orientation x3 (ka) by standard x4 
cinta ≔ x1 [material] is a paint of pigment/active substance x2, in a base of x3 
cinza ≔ x1 is a/are tong(s)/chopsticks/pincers/tweezers/pliers [tool/body-part] for x2 to pinch x3 
cipra ≔ x1 (process/event) is a test for/proof of property/state x2 in subject x3 (individ./set/mass) 
cirko ≔ x1 loses person/thing x2 at/near x3; x1 loses property/feature x2 in conditions/situation x3 
ciste ≔ x1 (mass) system interrelated by structure x2 among components x3 (set) displaying x4 (ka) 
citsi ≔ x1 is a season/is seasonal [cyclical interval], defined by interval/property x2, of year(s) x3 
cizra ≔ x1 is strange/weird/deviant/bizarre/odd to x2 in property x3 (ka) 
ckaji ≔ x1 has/is characterized by property/feature/trait/aspect/dimension x2 (ka); x2 is manifest in x1 
ckape ≔ x1 is perilous/dangerous/potentially harmful to x2 under conditions x3 
ckasu ≔ x1 ridicules/mocks/scoffs at x2 about x3 (property/event) by doing activity x4 (event) 
ckeji ≔ x1 feels ashamed/mortified/humiliated under conditions x2 before community/audience x3 
ckiku ≔ x1 is a key fitting/releasing/opening/unlocking lock x2, and having relevant properties x3 
ckilu ≔ x1 (si'o) is a scale of units for measuring/observing/determining x2 (state) 
ckini ≔ x1 is related to/associated with/akin to x2 by relationship x3 
ckire ≔ x1 is grateful/thankful to/appreciative of x2 for x3 (event/property) 
ckule ≔ x1 is school/institute/academy at x2 teaching subject(s) x3 to audien./commun. x4 operated by x5 
ckunu ≔ x1 is a conifer/pine/fir of species/strain x2 with cones x3 
claxu ≔ x1 is without/lacking/free of/lacks x2; x1 is x2-less 
clika ≔ x1 is a moss/lichen of species/strain x2 growing on x3; (adjective:) x1 is mossy 
clira ≔ x1 (event) is early by standard x2 
cliva ≔ x1 leaves/goes away/departs/parts/separates from x2 via route x3 
clupa ≔ x1 is a loop/circuit of x2 [material] 
cmima ≔ x1 is a member/element of set x2; x1 belongs to group x2; x1 is amid/among/amongst group x2 
cmoni ≔ x1 utters moan/groan/howl/scream [non-linguistic utterance] x2 expressing x3 (property) 
cnano ≔ x1 [value] is a norm/average in property/amount x2 (ka/ni) among x3(s) (set) by standard x4 
cnemu ≔ x1 (agent) rewards x2 [recipient] for atypical x3 (event/property) with reward/desserts x4 
cnici ≔ x1 is orderly/neat/ordered in property/quantity x2 (ka/ni) 



cokcu ≔ x1 soaks up/absorbs/sucks up x2 from x3 into x4; x1 is an absorbant 
cortu ≔ x1 hurts/feels pain/hurt at locus x2 
cpacu ≔ x1 gets/procures/acquires/obtains/accepts x2 from source x3 [previous possessor not implied] 


cpare ≔ x1 climbs/clambers/creeps/crawls on surface x2 in direction x3 using x4 [limbs/tools] 
cpedu ≔ x1 requests/asks/petitions/solicits for x2 of/from x3 in manner/form x4 
cpina ≔ x1 is pungent/piquant/peppery/spicy/irritating to sense x2 
cradi ≔ x1 broadcasts/transmits [using radio waves] x2 via station/frequency x3 to [radio] receiver x4 
crane ≔ x1 is anterior/ahead/forward/(in/on) the front of x2 which faces/in-frame-of-reference x3 
crepu ≔ x1 (agent) harvests/reaps/gathers crop/product/objects x2 from source/area x3 
crida ≔ x1 is a fairy/elf/gnome/brownie/pixie/goblin/kobold [mythical humanoid] of mythos/religion x2 
crisa ≔ x1 is summer/summertime [hot season] of year x2 at location x3 
critu ≔ x1 is autumn/fall [harvest/cooling season] of year x2 at location x3 
ctaru ≔ x1 is a tide [cyclical/periodic expansion] in x2 caused by x3 
cteki ≔ x1 is a tax/levy/duty on goods/services/event x2 levied against x3 by authority/collector x4 
ctino ≔ x1 is a shadow/the shade of object x2, made by light/energy source x3 
ctuca ≔ x1 teaches audience x2 ideas/methods/lore x3 (du'u) about subject(s) x4 by method x5 (event) 
cukla ≔ x1 is round/circular [2-dimensional shape/form]; x1 is a disk/circle/ring 
cukta ≔ x1 is a book containing work x2 by author x3 for audience x4 preserved in medium x5 
culno ≔ x1 is full/completely filled with x2 
cumki ≔ x1 (event/state/property) is possible under conditions x2; x1 may/might occur; x1 is a maybe 
cumla ≔ x1 is humble/modest about x2 (abstraction); x1 displays humility about x2 
cunso ≔ x1 is random/fortuitous/unpredictable under conditions x2, with probability distribution x3 
cuntu ≔ x1 is an affair/organized activity involving person(s) x2 (ind./mass); x1 is x2's business 
cupra ≔ x1 produces x2 [product] by process x3 
curmi ≔ x1 (agent) lets/permits/allows x2 (event) under conditions x3; x1 grants privilege x2 
curve ≔ x1 is pure/unadulterated/unmitigated/simple in property x2 (ka) 
cusku ≔ x1 (agent) expresses/says x2 (sedu'u/text/lu'e concept) for audience x3 via expressive medium x4 
cutci ≔ x1 is a shoe/boot/sandal for covering/protecting [feet/hooves] x2, and of material x3 
cuxna ≔ x1 chooses/selects x2 [choice] from set/sequence of alternatives x3 (complete set) 
dakli ≔ x1 is a sack/bag with contents x2, and of material x3 
damba ≔ x1 fights/combats/struggles with x2 over issue x3 (abstract); x1 is a fighter/combatant 
damri ≔ x1 is a drum/cymbal/gong [percussion musical instrument] with beater/actuator x2 
dandu ≔ x1 hangs/dangles/is suspended from x2 by/at/with joint x3 
danfu ≔ x1 is the answer/response/solution/[reply] to question/problem x2 
danre ≔ x1 (force) puts pressure on/presses/applies force to x2 
dansu ≔ x1 (individual, mass) dances to accompaniment/music/rhythm x2 
danti ≔ x1 is a ballistic projectile [e.g. bullet/missile] for firing by [gun/propelling launcher] x2 
daplu ≔ x1 is an island/atoll/key of [material/properties] x2 in surroundings/body x3; x1 is insular 
dapma ≔ x1 curses/damns/condemns x2 to fate (event) x3 
dargu ≔ x1 is a road/highway to x2 from x3 with route x4 (x2/x3 may be unordered) 
darlu ≔ x1 argues for stand x2 against stand x3; [an opponent is not necessary] 
darsi ≔ x1 shows audacity/chutzpah in behavior x2 (event/activity); x1 dares to do/be x2 (event/ka) 
daspo ≔ x1 (event) destroys/ruins/wrecks/despoils x2; x1 is destructive 
dasri ≔ x1 is a ribbon/tape/strip/band/stripe of material x2 
dejni ≔ x1 owes x2 in debt/obligation to creditor x3 in return for x4 [service, loan]; x1 is a debtor 
dekpu ≔ x1 is x2 (default 1) local volume unit(s) [non-metric; e.g. bushel], standard x3, x4 subunits 
delno ≔ x1 is x2 candela [metric unit] in luminosity (default is 1) by standard x3 
denmi ≔ x1 is dense/concentrated/packed/intense in property x2 (ka) at location/locus x3 
denpa ≔ x1 awaits/waits/pauses for/until x2 at state x3 before starting/continuing x4 (activity/process) 
derxi ≔ x1 is a heap/pile/stack/mound/hill of materials x2 at location x3 
desku ≔ x1 shakes/quakes/trembles/quivers/shudders/wobbles/vibrates from force x2 
detri ≔ x1 is the date [day,{week},{month},year] of event/state x2, at location x3, by calendar x4 
dicra ≔ x1 (event) interrupts/stops/halts/[disrupts] x2 (object/event/process) due to quality x3 
dikca ≔ x1 is electricity [electric charge or current] in/on x2 of polarity/quantity x3 (def. negative) 
diklo ≔ x1 is local to x2; x1 is confined to locus x2 within range x3 
dikni ≔ x1 is regular/cyclical/periodic in property (ka)/activity x2 with period/interval x3 
dilcu ≔ x1 is a quotient of 'x2/x3' [dividend x2 divided by divisor x3], leaving remainder x4 
dilnu ≔ x1 is a cloud/mass of clouds of material x2 in air mass x3 at floor/base elevation x4 
dimna ≔ x1 is a fate/destiny of x2; [doom, curse are mabla-forms]; x2 is fated/predestined/doomed to x1 
dinju ≔ x1 is a building/edifice for purpose x2 
dinko ≔ x1 is a nail/tack [pointed driven/frictional fastener] of type/size x2 (ka), made of material x3 
dirba ≔ x1 is dear/precious/darling to x2; x1 is emotionally valued by x2 
dirce ≔ x1 radiates/emits x2 under conditions x3 
dirgo ≔ x1 is a drop [small, cohesive shape] of material [liquid/vapor] x2 in surrounding material x3 


djedi ≔ x1 is x2 full days in duration (default is 1 day) by standard x3; (adjective:) x1 is diurnal 
djica ≔ x1 desires/wants/wishes x2 (event/state) for purpose x3 
djuno ≔ x1 knows fact(s) x2 (du'u) about subject x3 by epistemology x4 
donri ≔ x1 is the daytime of day x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is diurnal (vs. nocturnal) 
draci ≔ x1 is a drama/play about x2 [plot/theme/subject] by dramatist x3 for audience x4 with actors x5 
drani ≔ x1 is correct/proper/right/perfect in property/aspect x2 (ka) in situation x3 by standard x4 
drata ≔ x1 isn't the-same-thing-as/is different-from/other-than x2 by standard x3; x1 is something else 
drudi ≔ x1 is a roof/top/ceiling/lid of x2 
dunda ≔ x1 [donor] gives/donates gift/present x2 to recipient/beneficiary x3 [without payment/exchange] 
dunja ≔ x1 freezes/jells/solidifies at temperature x2 and pressure x3 
dunku ≔ x1 is anguished/distressed/emotionally wrought/stressed by x2 
dunli ≔ x1 is equal/congruent to/as much as x2 in property/dimension/quantity x3 
dunra ≔ x1 is winter/wintertime [cold season] of year x2 at location x3 
fadni ≔ x1 [member] is ordinary/common/typical/usual in property x2 (ka) among members of x3 (set) 
fagri ≔ x1 is a fire/flame in fuel x2 burning-in/reacting-with oxidizer x3 (default air/oxygen) 
falnu ≔ x1 is a sail for gathering propelling material x2 on vehicle/motor x3 
fancu ≔ x1 is a function/single-valued mapping from domain x2 to range x3 defined by expression/rule x4 
fange ≔ x1 is alien/foreign/[exotic]/unfamiliar to x2 in property x3 (ka) 
fanmo ≔ x1 is an end/finish/termination of thing/process x2; [not necessarily implying completeness] 
fanri ≔ x1 is a factory/foundry/industrial plant/mill producing x2 from materials x3 
fanta ≔ x1 prevents/keeps/stops/restrains/constrains event x2 from occurring 
fanva ≔ x1 translates text/utterance x2 to language x3 from language x4 with translation result x5 
fanza ≔ x1 (event) annoys/irritates/bothers/distracts x2 
fapro ≔ x1 opposes/balances/contends against opponent(s) x2 (person/force ind./mass) about x3 (abstract) 
farlu ≔ x1 falls/drops to x2 from x3 in gravity well/frame of reference x4 

farna ≔ x1 is the direction of x2 (object/event) from origin/in frame of reference x3 
farvi ≔ x1 develops/evolves towards/into x2 from x3 through stages x4 
fasnu ≔ x1 (event) is an event that happens/occurs/takes place; x1 is an incident/happening/occurrence 
fatci ≔ x1 (du'u) is a fact/reality/truth/actuality, in the absolute 
fatne ≔ x1 [sequence] is in reverse order from x2 [sequence]; x1 (object) is inverted from x2 (object) 
fatri ≔ x1 is distributed/allotted/allocated/shared among x2 with shares/portions x3; (x2/x3 fa'u) 
febvi ≔ x1 boils/evaporates at temperature x2 and pressure x3 
fendi ≔ x1 (agent) divides/partitions/separates x2 into sections/parts/ind. x3 by method/partition x4 
fenki ≔ x1 (action/event) is crazy/insane/mad/frantic/in a frenzy (one sense) by standard x2 
fenra ≔ x1 is a crack/fissure/pass/cleft/ravine/chasm/[defect/flaw] [shape/form] in x2 
fenso ≔ x1 sews/stitches/sutures materials x2 (ind./set) together with tool(s) x3, using filament x4 
fepni ≔ x1 is measured in kopeck/cent money-subunits as x2 [quantity], in monetary system x3 
ferti ≔ x1 is fertile/conducive for supporting the growth/development of x2; x1 is fruitful/prolific 
festi ≔ x1(s) is/are waste product(s) [left to waste] by x2 (event/activity) 
finti ≔ x1 invents/creates/composes/authors x2 for function/purpose x3 from existing elements/ideas x4 
flalu ≔ x1 is a law specifying x2 (state/event) for community x3 under conditions x4 by lawgiver(s) x5 
flani ≔ x1 is a flute/pipe/fife/recorder [flute-like/air-reed musical instrument] 
flecu ≔ x1 is a current/flow/river of/in x2 flowing in direction to/towards x3 from direction/source x4 
fliba ≔ x1 fails at doing x2 (state/event); x1 is a failure at its role in x2 
foldi ≔ x1 is a field [shape/form] of material x2; x1 is a broad uniform expanse of x2 
fonxa ≔ x1 is a telephone transceiver/modem attached to system/network x2 
forca ≔ x1 is a fork/fork-type tool/utensil for purpose x2 with tines/prongs x3 on base/support x4 
frati ≔ x1 reacts/responds/answers with action x2 to stimulus x3 under conditions x4; x1 is responsive 
fraxu ≔ x1 forgives x2 for event/state/activity x3 
frica ≔ x1 differs/is distinct from/contrasts with/is unlike x2 in property/dimension/quantity x3 
frili ≔ x1 (action) is easy/simple/facile for x2 (agent) under conditions x3; x2 does x1 freely/easily 
frinu ≔ x1 is a fraction, with numerator x2, denominator x3 (x2/x3) 
friti ≔ x1 offers/proffers x2 [offering] to x3 with conditions x4 
fukpi ≔ x1 is a copy/replica/duplicate/clone of x2 in form/medium x3 made by method x4 (event) 
fulta ≔ x1 (passive) floats on/in fluid (gas/liquid) x2; x1 is buoyant 
funca ≔ x1 (event/property) is determined by the luck/fortune of x2; (note mabla/zabna not implied) 
fusra ≔ x1 rots/decays/ferments with decay/fermentation agent x2; x1 is rotten/decayed/fermented 
fuzme ≔ x1 is responsible/accountable for x2 (action/resulting state) to judge/authority x3 
gadri ≔ x1 is an article/descriptor labelling description x2 (text) in language x3 with semantics x4 


gapci ≔ x1 is gaseous/fumes/a gas/vapor of material/composition including x2, under conditions x3 
gapru ≔ x1 is directly/vertically above/upwards-from x2 in gravity/frame of reference x3 
garna ≔ x1 is a rail/railing/bar [tool] supporting/restraining x2, of material x3 
gasnu ≔ x1 [person/agent] is an agentive cause of event x2; x1 does/brings about x2 
genxu ≔ x1 is a hook/crook [shape/form] of material x2 
gerna ≔ x1 is the grammar/rules/defining form of language x2 for structure/text x3 
gidva ≔ x1 (person/object/event) guides/conducts/pilots/leads x2 (active participants) in/at x3 (event) 
ginka ≔ x1 is a camp/encampment/temporary residence of x2 at location x3 
girzu ≔ x1 is group/cluster/team showing common property (ka) x2 due to set x3 linked by relations x4 
gismu ≔ x1 is a (Lojban) root word expressing relation x2 among argument roles x3, with affix(es) x4 
gradu ≔ x1 [magnitude] is a unit/degree of/on scale/reference standard x2 (si'o) measuring property x3 
grake ≔ x1 is x2 gram(s) [metric unit] in mass (default is 1) by standard x3 
grana ≔ x1 is a rod/pole/staff/stick/cane [shape/form] of material x2 
greku ≔ x1 is a frame/structure/skeleton/outline supporting/load-bearing/determining the form of x2 
gubni ≔ x1 is public/un-hidden/open/jointly available to/owned by all among community x2 (mass) 
gugde ≔ x1 is the country of peoples x2 with land/territory x3; (people/territory relationship) 
gundi ≔ x1 is industry/industrial/systematic manufacturing activity producing x2 by process/means x3 
gunma ≔ x1 is a mass/team/aggregate/whole, together composed of components x2, considered jointly 
gunro ≔ x1 rolls/trundles on/against surface x2 rotating on axis/axle x3; x1 is a roller 
gunta ≔ x1 (person/mass) attacks/invades/commits aggression upon victim x2 with goal/objective x3 
guska ≔ x1 blade/scraper/erosive scrapes/erodes/abrades x2 from x3 
gusni ≔ x1 [energy] is light/illumination illuminating x2 from light source x3 
gusta ≔ x1 is a restaurant/cafe/diner serving type-of-food x2 to audience x3 
gutci ≔ x1 is x2 (default 1) short local distance unit(s) [non-metric], standard x3, x4 subunits 
jabre ≔ x1 brakes/causes to slow motion/activity x2 with device/mechanism/principle x3 
jadni ≔ x1 (object) adorns/decorates x2; x1 is an adornment/decoration of x2; x2 is fancy/decorated 
jalge ≔ x1 (action/event/state) is a result/outcome/conclusion of antecedent x2 (event/state/process) 
janli ≔ x1 collides with/crashes/bumps/runs into x2 
jansu ≔ x1 is a diplomat/consul representing polity x2 in/at negotiation x3 for function/purpose x4 
janta ≔ x1 is an account/bill/invoice for goods/services x2, billed to x3 by x4 
jarbu ≔ x1 is a suburban area of city/metropolis x2 
jarco ≔ x1 (agent) shows/exhibits/displays/[reveals]/demonstrates x2 (property) to audience x3 
jaspu ≔ x1 is a passport issued to x2 (person) by authority x3 allowing x4 (activity) 
javni ≔ x1 is a rule prescribing/mandating/requiring x2 (event/state) within system/community x3 
jbama ≔ x1 is a bomb/explosive device with explosive material/principle x2 
jbena ≔ x1 is born to x2 at time x3 [birthday] and place x4 [birthplace]; x1 is native to (fo) x4 
jbera ≔ x1 (agent) borrows/temporarily takes/assumes x2 (object) from source x3 for interval x4 
jbini ≔ x1 is between/among set of points/bounds/limits x2 (set)/amidst mass x2 in property x3 (ka) 
jdari ≔ x1 is firm/hard/resistant/unyielding to force x2 under conditions x3 
jdice ≔ x1 (person) decides/makes decision x2 (du'u) about matter x3 (event/state) 

jdima ≔ x1 [amount] is the price of x2 to purchaser/consumer x3 set by vendor x4 
jecta ≔ x1 is a polity/state governing territory/domain x2; [government/territory relationship] 
jeftu ≔ x1 is x2 weeks in duration (default is 1 week) by standard x3 
jenca ≔ x1 (event) shocks/stuns x2 
jendu ≔ x1 is an axle/spindle [tool] on which x2 rotates, of material/properties x3 
jenmi ≔ x1 (mass) is an army serving group/community x2 (mass) in function x3 (activity) 
jgina ≔ x1 is a gene of creature [or locus on creature] x2 determining trait/process x3 
jgira ≔ x1 (person) feels/has pride in/about x2 (abstraction) 
jicla ≔ x1 (object, or event: force) stirs/mixes/[roils/agitates] fluid (gas/liquid) x2 
jicmu ≔ x1 is a basis/foundation/underlying or fundamental principle of x2; x1 is at the bottom of x2 
jijnu ≔ x1 (person) intuits x2 (du'u) about subject x3; [epistemology] 
jikca ≔ x1 interacts/behaves socially with x2; x1 socializes with/is sociable towards x2 
jilra ≔ x1 (person) is jealous of/envies x2 (person) about/for x3 (property - ka) 
jimca ≔ x1 is a branch/bough/limb of x2; x2 forks into branches x1; [preferred over metaphorical birka] 
jimpe ≔ x1 understands/comprehends fact/truth x2 (du'u) about subject x3; x1 understands (fi) x3 
jimte ≔ x1 is a limit/extreme/bound/border/[confinement] of x2 in property/domain x3 
jinci ≔ x1 is a pair of shears/scissors for cutting x2 
jinga ≔ x1 (person/team) wins/gains prize x2 from/over x3 [competitors/losers] in competition x4 
jinku ≔ x1 is a vaccine/immune-system stimulant protecting x2 against disease x3 introduced by method x4 
jinru ≔ x1 (object/person) is immersed/submerged/bathes in liquid x2 
jinto ≔ x1 is a well/spring of fluid x2 at location x3 
jinvi ≔ x1 thinks/opines x2 [opinion] (du'u) is true about subject/issue x3 on grounds x4 
jinzi ≔ x1 (property - ka) is an innate/inherent/intrinsic/natural property/quality/aspect of x2 
jipno ≔ x1 is a tip/point/vertex/extremity/end [0-dimension shape/form] on object x2 at locus x3 
jitfa ≔ x1 (du'u) is false/is an untruth by standard/epistemology/metaphysics x2 
jitro ≔ x1 has control over/harnesses/manages/directs/conducts x2 in x3 (activity/event/performance) 
jivbu ≔ x1 weaves x2 from material/[yarn] x3 
jivna ≔ x1 competes/vies with opponent x2 in contest/competition x3 (event) for gain x4; x1 rivals x2 
jmaji ≔ x1 (mass/jo'u) gathers/collects at location x2 from locations x3 (mass/jo'u) 
jmina ≔ x1 adds/combines x2 to/with x3, with result x4; x1 augments x2 by amount x3 
jorne ≔ x1 is joined to/connects to/is united with x2 at common locus x3; x1 and x2 are a union 

julne ≔ x1 is a net/filter allowing passage of x2, prohibiting passage of x3, netting properties x4 
jundi ≔ x1 is attentive towards/attends/tends/pays attention to object/affair x2 
junri ≔ x1 (person) is serious/earnest/has gravity about x2 (event/state/activity) 
junta ≔ x1 is the weight of object x2 in [gravitational or other force] field x3 
jursa ≔ x1 (event/action/state) is severe/harsh to x2 [victim/experiencer] 
jutsi ≔ x1 is a species of genus x2, family x3, etc.; [open-ended tree-structure categorization] 
juxre ≔ x1 (action) is clumsy/awkward by standard x2 
kabri ≔ x1 is a cup/glass/tumbler/mug/vessel/[bowl] containing contents x2, and of material x3 
kagni ≔ x1 is a company/corporation/firm/partnership chartered by authority x2 for purpose x3 
kajde ≔ x1 (event/experience) warns/cautions x2 (person) of/about danger x3 (event/state/property) 
kajna ≔ x1 is a shelf/counter/bar in/on/attached to supporting object x2, for purpose x3 
kakne ≔ x1 is able to do/be/capable of doing/being x2 (event/state) under conditions x3 (event/state) 
kakpa ≔ x1 (agent) digs x2 [material] up/out of x3 [source/hole] with limbs/tool(s) x4 

kalsa ≔ x1 is chaotic/disordered in property/aspect x2 (ka) 
kamju ≔ x1 is a column/pillar of material x2 
kamni ≔ x1 (mass) is a committee with task/purpose x2 of body x3 
kampu ≔ x1 (property - ka) is common/general/universal among members of set x2 (complete set) 
kancu ≔ x1 (agent) counts the number in set x2 to be x3 [number/count] counting [off] by units x4 
kandi ≔ x1 is dim/dull/pale/non-intense in property x2 (ka) as received/measured by observer x3 
kanji ≔ x1 calculates/reckons/computes x2 [value (ni)/state] from data x3 by process x4 
kanro ≔ x1 is healthy/fit/well/in good health by standard x2 
kansa ≔ x1 is with/accompanies/is a companion of x2, in state/condition/enterprise x3 (event/state) 
kantu ≔ x1 is a quantum/ray/elementary particle/smallest measurable increment of property/activity x2 
kanxe ≔ x1 is a conjunction, stating that x2 (du'u) and x3 (du'u) are both true 
karbi ≔ x1 [observer] compares x2 with x3 in property x4 (ka), determining comparison x5 (state) 
karda ≔ x1 is a card [small nearly-2-dimensional shape/form] of material x2, shape x3 
kargu ≔ x1 (object/commodity/property/event) is costly/expensive/dear to x2 by standard x3 
kecti ≔ x1 (person) pities/feels sorry for x2 (person) about x3 (abstraction) 
kelvo ≔ x1 is x2 degree(s) Kelvin [metric unit] in temperature (default is 1) by standard x3 
kenra ≔ x1 is a cancer [malignant disease] in x2 
kensa ≔ x1 is outer space near/associated with celestial body/region x2 
kevna ≔ x1 is a cavity/hole/hollow/cavern in x2; x1 is concave within x2; x2 is hollow at locus x1 
kicne ≔ x1 cushions x2 with material x3; x1 is a cushion/pillow/pad [for x2] of padding material x3 
kinli ≔ x1 is sharp/keen at locus x2 
klaji ≔ x1 is a street/avenue/lane/drive/cul-de-sac/way/alley/[road] at x2 accessing x3 
klani ≔ x1 is a quantity quantified/measured/enumerated by x2 (quantifier) on scale x3 (si'o) 
klesi ≔ x1 (mass/si'o) is a class/category/subgroup/subset within x2 with defining property x3 (ka) 
klina ≔ x1 (object/medium) is clear/transparent/without obstacle to in-the-clear x2 [transmission] 
klupe ≔ x1 is a screw [fastener] for purpose x2, threads [pitch, material] x3, frame [size, material] x4 
-d kluza ≔ x1 (obj.) is loose/bloused/not tight on x2 (obj.) at locus x3 
-n kojna ≔ x1 is a corner/point/at-least-3-dimensional [solid] angle [shape/form] in/on x2, of material x3 
-nn komcu ≔ x1 is a comb [many-needled shape] of material x2 with tines/needles x3 
-n konju ≔ x1 is a cone [shape/form] of material x2 with vertex x3 
-n korbi ≔ x1 is an edge/margin/border/curb/boundary of x2 next-to/bordering-on x3 
-d korcu ≔ (adjective:) x1 is bent/crooked/not straight or direct/[twisted]/folded 
kramu ≔ x1 is x2 local area unit(s) [non-metric] (default 1) by standard x3, x4 subunits 
krasi ≔ x1 (site/event) is a source/start/beginning/origin of x2 (object/event/process) 
krati ≔ x1 represents/is an agent/proxy/stands-in for [absent] x2 in matter(s)/function(s) x3 
krefu ≔ x1 (event) is the x3'rd recurrence/repetition of x2 (abstract); x2 happens again in [form] x1 
krici ≔ x1 believes [without evidence/proof] belief/creed x2 (du'u) is true/assumed about subject x3 
krinu ≔ x1 (event/state) is a reason/justification/explanation for/causing/permitting x2 (event/state) 
-vb krixa ≔ x1 cries out/yells/howls sound x2; x1 is a crier 
kruca ≔ x1 intersects/crosses/traverses x2 at locus x3 
-na kruvi ≔ x1 is a curve/turn/bend in x2, at locus x3, and defined by set of points/properties x4 
kubli ≔ x1 is a cube/regular polyhedron/polygon of dimensions x2 (def. 3), surfaces/sides x3 (def. 6) 
-va kucli ≔ x1 is curious/wonders about/is interested in/[inquisitive about] x2 (object/abstract) 
kufra ≔ x1 feels comfort/is comfortable with conditions/environmental property(ies) x2 
kukte ≔ x1 is delicious/tasty/delightful to observer/sense x2 [person, or sensory activity] 
kumfa ≔ x1 is a room of/in structure x2 surrounded by partitions/walls/ceiling/floor x3 (mass/jo'u) 
kunra ≔ x1 is/contains/is made from a mineral/ore of type/metal x2 mined from location/lode/mine x3 
kunti ≔ x1 [container] is empty/vacant of x2 [material]; x1 is hollow 
kurfa ≔ x1 is a right-angled shape/form defined by set of vertices x2, dimensions x3 (default 2) 
kurji ≔ x1 takes-care-of/looks after/attends to/provides for/is caretaker for x2 (object/event/person) 
kurki ≔ x1 is bitter/acrid/sharply disagreeable to observer/sense x2 
kuspe ≔ x1 ranges/extends/spans/persists/reaches across/over interval/gap/area/scope/extent/range x2 
kusru ≔ x1 (person) is cruel/mean/unkind to victim x2 
lacpu ≔ x1 pulls/tugs/draws/drags x2 by handle/at locus x3 
lacri ≔ x1 relies/depends/counts on/trusts x2 to bring about/ensure/maintain x3 (event/state) 
lafti ≔ x1 (force) lifts/applies raising/supporting force to x2 at locus x3 in gravity well x4 
lakne ≔ x1 (event/state/property) is probable/likely under conditions x2 
lalxu ≔ x1 is a lake/lagoon/pool at site/within land mass x2 
lamji ≔ x1 is adjacent/beside/next to/in contact with x2 in property/sequence x3 in direction x4 
lanci ≔ x1 is a flag/banner/standard of/symbolizing x2 with pattern(s) x3 on material x4 
lanka ≔ x1 is a basket with contents x2, woven from material x3 
lanli ≔ x1 analyzes/examines-in-detail x2 by method/technique/system x3 [process/activity] 
lante ≔ x1 is a can/tightly sealed/pre-sealed container for perishable contents x2, made of x3 
lanxe ≔ x1 is in balance/equilibrium under forces x2 (mass) 
lazni ≔ x1 (person) is lazy/avoiding work/effort concerning action x2 
lebna ≔ x1 takes/gets/gains/obtains/seizes/[removes] x2 (object/property) from x3 (possessor) 
lenjo ≔ x1 is a lens/glass [focussing shape/form] focussing x2 to focus/foci x3 by means/material x4 
lerci ≔ x1 (event) is late by standard x2 
lerfu ≔ x1 (la'e zo BY/word-bu) is a letter/digit/symbol in alphabet/character-set x2 representing x3 
lidne ≔ x1 precedes/leads x2 in sequence x3; x1 is former/preceding/previous; x2 is latter/following 
lifri ≔ x1 [person/passive/state] undergoes/experiences x2 (event/experience); x2 happens to x1 
lindi ≔ x1 is lightning/electrical arc/thunderbolt striking at/extending to x2 from x3 
linji ≔ x1 is a line/among lines [1-dimensional shape/form] defined by set of points x2 
linsi ≔ x1 is a length of chain/links of material x2 with link properties x3 
linto ≔ x1 is light in mass/weight by standard x2 
lisri ≔ x1 is a story/tale/yarn/narrative about plot/subject/moral x2 by storyteller x3 to audience x4 
liste ≔ x1 (physical object) is a list/catalog/register of sequence/set x2 in order x3 in medium x4 
litce ≔ x1 is x2 liter(s) [metric unit] in volume (default is 1) by standard x3 
litki ≔ x1 is liquid/fluid, of composition/material including x2, under conditions x3 
litru ≔ x1 travels/journeys/goes/moves via route x2 using means/vehicle x3; x1 is a traveller 
livla ≔ x1 is a fuel/energy-source for powering x2 
logji ≔ x1 [rules/methods] is a logic for deducing/concluding/inferring/reasoning to/about x2 (du'u) 
loldi ≔ x1 is a floor/bottom/ground of x2 
lumci ≔ x1 (agent) washes/cleanses x2 of soil/contaminant x3 in/with cleaning material(s) x4 
lunbe ≔ x1 is bare/naked/nude; x1 is without cover/clothes/[protection] 
lunra ≔ x1 is Earth's moon (default); x1 is a major natural satellite/moon of planet x2 
lunsa ≔ x1 condenses/liquefies on/into x2 at temperature x3, pressure x4; x1 is dew/condensate on x2 
mabla ≔ x1 is a derogative connotation/sense of x2 used by x3; x3 derogates/'curses at' x2 in form x1 
macnu ≔ x1 (event/action/process) is manual [not automatic] in function x2 under conditions x3 
makcu ≔ x1 is mature/ripe/fully-grown/adult in development-quality x2 (ka) 
makfa ≔ x1 is magic/supernatural/sorcery/witchcraft/wizardry to x2, performed by person/force/deity x3 
maksi ≔ x1 is magnetic [adjective] producing magnetic field x2 
manci ≔ x1 feels wonder/awe/marvels about x2 
manfo ≔ x1 (object/event) is uniform/homogeneous in property x2 (ka) 
manku ≔ x1 is dark/lacking in illumination 
manri ≔ x1 is a frame of reference/standard for observing/measuring/determining x2, with/by rules x3 
mansa ≔ x1 satisfies evaluator x2 in property (ka)/state x3 
mapti ≔ x1 fits/matches/suits/is compatible/appropriate/corresponds to/with x2 in property/aspect x3 
marbi ≔ x1 is a shelter/haven/refuge/retreat/harbor for/protecting x2 from danger/threat x3 
marce ≔ x1 is a vehicle/mode of transport carrying x2 in/on surface/medium x3, propelled by x4 
marde ≔ x1 are the ethics/morals/moral standards/ethical standards of x2 (ind./mass) about situation x3 
marji ≔ x1 is material/stuff/matter of type/composition including x2 in shape/form x3 
marxa ≔ x1 [force] mashes/crushes/squashes/smashes x2 into pulp/mash/crumbs/deformed mass x3 
masno ≔ x1 is slow/sluggish at doing/being/bringing about x2 (event/state) 
masti ≔ x1 is x2 months in duration (default is 1 month) by month standard x3 
matci ≔ x1 is a mat/pad/mattress/pallet [flat, soft, dense form] of material x2 
matra ≔ x1 is a motor/engine, driving/propelling/providing power to x2 
mentu ≔ x1 is x2 minutes in duration (default is 1 minute) by standard x3 
merli ≔ x1 (agent) measures/evaluates x2 [quantity] as x3 units on scale x4 (si'o), with accuracy x5 
midju ≔ x1 is in/at the middle/center/midpoint/[is a focus] of x2; (adjective:) x1 is central 
mifra ≔ x1 is encoded/cipher text of plain-text x2 by code/coding system x3; x1 is in code; x3 is a code 
mikce ≔ x1 doctors/treats/nurses/[cures]/is physician/midwife to x2 for ailment x3 by treatment/cure x4 
milxe ≔ x1 is mild/non-extreme/gentle/middling/somewhat in property x2 (ka); x1 is not very x2 
minde ≔ x1 issues commands/orders to x2 for result x3 (event/state) to happen; x3 is commanded to occur 
minli ≔ x1 is x2 (default 1) long local distance unit(s) [non-metric], x3 subunits, standard x4 
mintu ≔ x1 is the same/identical thing as x2 by standard x3; (x1 and x2 interchangeable) 
mitre ≔ x1 is x2 meter(s) [metric unit] in length (default 1) measured in direction x3 by standard x4 
mixre ≔ x1 (mass) is a mixture/blend/colloid/commingling with ingredients including x2 
mlana ≔ x1 is to the side of/lateral to x2 and facing x3 from point of view/in-frame-of-reference x4 
mleca ≔ x1 is less than x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni) by amount x4 
mledi ≔ x1 is a mold/fungus/mushrooms/truffles of species/strain x2 parasitic/growing on x3 
mluni ≔ x1 is a satellite/moon orbiting x2 with characteristics x3, orbital parameters x4 
mokca ≔ x1 is a point/instant/moment [0-dimensional shape/form] in/on/at time/place x2 
molki ≔ x1 is a mill/foundry/industrial plant/[assembly line] performing process x2 
molro ≔ x1 is x2 mole(s) [metric unit] in substance (default is 1) by standard x3 

morna ≔ x1 is/reflects/represents a pattern of forms/events x2 arranged according to structure x3 
mosra ≔ x1 is friction [force opposing motion] due to contact/rubbing between x2 and x3; (fe) x2 rubs x3 

mucti ≔ x1 is immaterial/not physical/without material form 
mukti ≔ x1 (action/event/state) motivates/is a motive/incentive for action/event x2, per volition of x3 
mulno ≔ x1 (event) is complete/done/finished; x1 (object) has become whole in property x2 by standard x3 
munje ≔ x1 is a universe/cosmos [complete and ordered entirety] of domain/sphere x2 defined by rules x3 
mupli ≔ x1 is an example/sample/specimen/instance/case/illustration of common property(s) x2 of set x3 
murse ≔ x1 is the [astronomical] twilight/dawn/dusk/half-light/glimmering of day x2 at location x3 
murta ≔ x1 is a curtain/blinds/drapes for covering/obscuring aperture x2, and made of material x3 
mutce ≔ x1 is much/extreme in property x2 (ka), towards x3 extreme/direction; x1 is, in x2, very x3 
muvdu ≔ x1 (object) moves to destination/receiver x2 [away] from origin x3 over path/route x4 
-n muzga ≔ x1 is a museum for preserving [and possibly exhibiting] x2 at location x3 
nabmi ≔ x1 (event/state) is a problem to/encountered by x2 in situation/task/inquiry x3 
namcu ≔ x1 (li) is a number/quantifier/digit/value/figure (noun); refers to the value and not the symbol 

-n nanca ≔ x1 is x2 years in duration (default is 1 year) by standard x3; (adjective:) x1 is annual 
-d nandu ≔ x1 is difficult/hard/challenging for x2 under conditions x3; x1 challenges (non-agentive) x2 


natfe ≔ x1 (du'u) contradicts/denies/refutes/negates x2 (du'u) under rules/logic x3 
naxle ≔ x1 is a canal/channel to x2 from x3 with route x4 
nejni ≔ x1 is energy of type x2 in form x3 
nelci ≔ x1 is fond of/likes/has a taste for x2 (object/state) 
nibli ≔ x1 logically necessitates/entails/implies action/event/state x2 under rules/logic system x3 
nicte ≔ x1 is a nighttime of day x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is at night/nocturnal 
nilce ≔ x1 [furniture items] furnishes x2 [location] serving purpose/function x3 
nitcu ≔ x1 needs/requires/is dependent on/[wants] necessity x2 for purpose/action/stage of process x3 
nivji ≔ x1 (agent) knits x2 [cloth/object] from yarn/thread x3 

nobli ≔ x1 is noble/aristocratic/elite/high-born/titled in/under culture/society/standard x2 
notci ≔ x1 is a message/notice/memorandum about subject x2 from author x3 to intended audience x4 
nupre ≔ x1 (agent) promises/commits/assures/threatens x2 (event/state) to x3 [beneficiary/victim] 
nurma ≔ x1 is a rural/rustic/pastoral area of x2; x1 is in the country 
nutli ≔ x1 is neutral/not taking sides/medial/not towards any extreme on scale/in dissension x2 
-v pacna ≔ x1 hopes/wishes for/desires x2 (event), expected likelihood x3 (0-1); x1 hopes that x2 happens 
pagbu ≔ x1 is a part/component/piece/portion/segment of x2 [where x2 is a whole/mass]; x2 is partly x1 
pagre ≔ x1 passes through/penetrates barrier/medium/portal x2 to destination side x3 from origin side x4 
-va pajni ≔ x1 judges/referees/arbitrates/is a judge determining/deciding matter x2 (abstract) 
-na palci ≔ x1 is evil/depraved/wicked [morally bad] by standard x2 
-nn palne ≔ x1 is a tray/platter/flat container [pan/sheet/griddle] of contents x2, and made of material x3 
-nn palta ≔ x1 is a plate/dish/platter/saucer [flat/mildly concave food service bed] made of material x2 
pambe ≔ x1 is a pump/injector [tool/apparatus] pumping/inserting fluid x2 to x3 from x4 by means x5 
panci ≔ x1 is an odor/fragrance/scent/smell emitted by x2 and detected by observer/sensor x3 
pandi ≔ x1 (agent) punctuates x2 (expression) with symbol/word x3 with syntactic/semantic effect x4 
panka ≔ x1 is a park/land reserve managed by community/polity/company x2 for purpose x3 
panlo ≔ x1 is a slice [thin flat portion] of x2 (mass) 
panpi ≔ x1 is at peace with x2 
panra ≔ x1 parallels x2 differing only in property x3 (ka; jo'u/fa'u term) by standard/geometry x4 
pante ≔ x1 protests/objects to/complains about x2 (event/state) to audience x3 with action x4 
patxu ≔ x1 is a pot/kettle/urn/tub/sink, a deep container for contents x2, of material/properties x3 
pelji ≔ x1 is paper from source x2 
pemci ≔ x1 is a poem/verse about plot/theme/subject/pattern x2 by author x3 for intended audience x4 
penbi ≔ x1 is a pen using ink x2 applied by process x3 
pencu ≔ x1 (agent) touches x2 with x3 [a locus on x1 or an instrument] at x4 [a locus on x2] 
pendo ≔ x1 is/acts as a friend of/to x2 (experiencer); x2 befriends x1 
penmi ≔ x1 meets/encounters x2 at/in location x3 
pensi ≔ x1 thinks/considers/cogitates/reasons/is pensive about/reflects upon subject/concept x2 
pesxu ≔ x1 is paste/pulp/dough/mash/mud/slurry [soft, smooth-textured, moist solid] of composition x2 
pijne ≔ x1 is a pin/peg (needle-shaped tool) for fastening to/piercing x2, of material/properties x3 
pikci ≔ x1 begs/pleads/supplicates/entreats/implores/beseeches/prays [asks with humility] x2 for x3 
pikta ≔ x1 is a ticket entitling x2 to entitlement/privilege x3 (event/state) under conditions x4 
pilji ≔ x1 is the product/total/result of factors/multiplicands (x2 and x3) x2 multiplied by x3 
pilka ≔ x1 is a crust/rind/peel/skin/hide/outer cover of x2 
pilno ≔ x1 uses/employs x2 [tool, apparatus, machine, agent, acting entity, material] for purpose x3 
pinca ≔ x1 is a/the urine/piss/pee of x2 
pindi ≔ x1 is poor/indigent/impoverished/lacking in goods/possessions/property x2 
pinfu ≔ x1 is a prisoner/captive of x2, restrained/held/confined by means/force x3 
pinka ≔ x1 (text) is a comment/remark/observation about subject x2 expressed by x3 to audience x4 
pinsi ≔ x1 is a pencil/crayon/stylus applying lead/marking material x2, frame/support [of material] x3 
pinta ≔ x1 is flat/level/horizontal in gravity/frame of reference x2 
pinxe ≔ x1 (agent) drinks/imbibes beverage/drink/liquid refreshment x2 from/out-of container/source x3 
pipno ≔ x1 is a piano/harpsichord/synthesizer/organ; a keyboard musical instrument 
pixra ≔ x1 is a picture/illustration representing/showing x2, made by artist x3 in medium x4 
plana ≔ x1 is plump/fat/obese [excessively thick/bulbous/swollen] by standard x2 
platu ≔ x1 (agent) plans/designs/plots plan/arrangement/plot/[schematic] x2 for state/process x3 
pleji ≔ x1 pays/compensates/remunerates/[rewards] payment x2 to recipient/payee x3 for goods/services x4 
plini ≔ x1 is a planet revolving around x2 with planetary characteristics x3, orbital parameters x4 
plipe ≔ x1 (agent/object) leaps/jumps/springs/bounds to x2 from x3 reaching height x4 propelled by x5 
plita ≔ x1 is a plane [2-dimensional shape/form] defined by points x2 (set); x1 is flat/[smooth] 
plixa ≔ x1 (agent) plows/furrows/tills [cuts into and turns up] x2 with tool x3 propelled by x4 
pluja ≔ x1 is complex/complicated/involved in aspect/property x2 (ka) by standard x3 
pluka ≔ x1 (event/state) seems pleasant to/pleases x2 under conditions x3 
pluta ≔ x1 is a route/path/way/course/track to x2 from x3 via/defined by points including x4 (set) 
polje ≔ x1 (force) folds/creases x2 at locus/loci/forming crease(s)/bend(s) x3 
porsi ≔ x1 [ordered set] is sequenced/ordered/listed by comparison/rules x2 on unordered set x3 
prali ≔ x1 is a profit/gain/benefit/advantage to x2 accruing/resulting from activity/process x3 
prane ≔ x1 is perfect/ideal/archetypical/faultless/flawless/un-improvable in property/aspect x2 (ka) 
preja ≔ x1 spreads/expands over/into x2 from initial state x3 
prenu ≔ x1 is a person/people (noun) [not necessarily human]; x1 displays personality/a persona 
preti ≔ x1 (quoted text) is a question/query about subject x2 by questioner x3 to audience x4 
prije ≔ x1 is wise/sage about matter x2 (abstraction) to observer x3 
prina ≔ x1 is a print/impression/image on/in surface x2 of/made by/using tool/press/implement/object x3 
pruce ≔ x1 is a process with inputs x2, outputs/results x3, passing through steps/stages x4 
pruni ≔ (adjective:) x1 is elastic/springy 
pruxi ≔ x1 is spiritual/pertains to the soul in nature [either energy or being]; x1 is ghostly/ethereal 
pulce ≔ x1 is dust/precipitate [suspensible solid] from x2 in medium/on surface x3 
pulji ≔ x1 is a police officer/[enforcer/vigilante] enforcing law(s)/rule(s)/order x2 
pulni ≔ x1 is a pulley [tool] for performing action/function x2 rotating on axle x3 
punji ≔ x1 (agent) puts/places/sets x2 on/at surface/locus x3 
punli ≔ x1 is a swelling/protrusion/convexity [shape/form] at/in/on x2, of material x3 
purmo ≔ x1 is a powder of material x2 
racli ≔ x1 (action/activity/behavior) is sane/rational by standard x2 
radno ≔ x1 is x2 radian(s) [metric unit] in angular measure (default is 1) by standard x3 
rafsi ≔ x1 is an affix/suffix/prefix/combining-form for word/concept x2, form/properties x3, language x4 
ragve ≔ x1 is located across/on the other side of gap/boundary x2 from x3; x1 is opposite (fi) x3 
raktu ≔ x1 (object/person/event/situation) troubles/disturbs x2 (person) causing problem(s) x3 
ralci ≔ x1 is delicate/fragile/subtle/refined in property x2 (ka) 
ralte ≔ x1 retains/keeps/holds x2 in its possession 
randa ≔ x1 yields/gives way/surrenders to x2 (force/agent) under conditions x3 
ranji ≔ x1 (event/state) continues/persists over interval x2; x1 (property - ka) is continuous over x2 
ranmi ≔ x1 is a myth/legend, a culturally significant story about x2 in mythos x3 of culture x4 
ranti ≔ x1 is soft/malleable/moldable/yielding to force x2 in conditions x3 
ranxi ≔ x1 is ironic(al)/contrary to expectation x2 in state/property/aspect x3 
rapli ≔ x1 [action] repeats/is repeated for a total of x2 (quantity) occurrences 
rarna ≔ x1 is natural/spontaneous/instinctive, not [consciously] caused by person(s) 
ratni ≔ x1 is an atom of element/atomic number x2 of isotope number/atomic weight x3 
remna ≔ x1 is a human/human being/man (non-specific gender-free sense); (adjective:) x1 is human 
renro ≔ x1 throws/launches/casts/hurls x2 to/at/in direction x3 (propulsion derives internally to x1) 
renvi ≔ x1 survives/endures/undergoes/abides/lasts/persists through x2 for interval/duration x3 
ricfu ≔ x1 is rich/wealthy in goods/possessions/property/aspect x2 
rigni ≔ x1 is repugnant to/causes disgust to x2 under conditions x3 
rilti ≔ x1 (sequence/non-text quote) is a rhythm/beat of music/expressive form x2 
rimni ≔ x1 rhymes/alliterates with x2 in language/phonetics x3, matching sound correspondence x4 (ka) 
rinci ≔ x1 liquid/fluid drains/strains/flushes from source x2 through drain/strainer x3 by force x4 
rinju ≔ x1 is restrained/held [back]/constrained/kept by restraint x2 against x3 (event) 
rinka ≔ x1 (event/state) effects/physically causes effect x2 (event/state) under conditions x3 
rinsa ≔ x1 (agent) greets/hails/[welcomes/says hello to]/responds to arrival of x2 in manner x3 (action) 
rirci ≔ x1 [member] is rare/unusual/uncommon/atypical in property x2 (ka) among members of x3 (set) 
rirni ≔ x1 is a parent of/raises/rears x2; x1 mentors/acts parental toward child/protege x2 
ritli ≔ x1 is a rite/ceremony/ritual for purpose/goal x2, by custom/in community x3, with form/rules x4 
rivbi ≔ x1 avoids/evades/shuns/escapes/skirts [fate] x2 (event) through action/state x3 (event) 
romge ≔ x1 is a highly reflective/polished non-tarnishing metallic surface, of metal x2 [often chromium] 
ruble ≔ x1 is weak/feeble/frail in property/quality/aspect x2 (ka) by standard x3 
rufsu ≔ x1 is rough/coarse/uneven/[grainy/scabrous/rugged] in texture/regularity 
runme ≔ x1 melts [becomes liquid from solid state] at temperature x2 and pressure x3 
runta ≔ x1 dissolves in solvent x2 forming solution/[suspension] x3 under conditions x4 
rupnu ≔ x1 is measured in major-money-units (dollar/yuan/ruble) as x2 (quantity), monetary system x3 
rutni ≔ x1 is an artifact; x1 is artificial; x1 is made/caused by people/se kulnu x2; x1 is man-made 
sabji ≔ x1 [source] provides/supplies/furnishes x2 [supply/commodity] to x3 [recipient] 
sabnu ≔ x1 is a cabin of vehicle x2 
sacki ≔ x1 is a match [incendiary device] made of x2 
saclu ≔ x1 (me'o) is the [decimal/binary] equivalent of fractional x2 (me'o) in base x3 (quantity) 
sakci ≔ x1 sucks/is suction/vacuum/relatively low pressure of fluid/gas x2 relative to high pressure x3 
sakli ≔ x1 slides/slips/glides on x2 
salci ≔ x1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3 
salpo ≔ x1 is sloped/inclined/slanted/aslant with angle x2 to horizon/frame x3 
sampu ≔ x1 is simple/unmixed/uncomplicated in property x2 (ka) 
sance ≔ x1 is sound produced/emitted by x2 
sanga ≔ x1 sings/chants x2 [song/hymn/melody/melodic sounds] to audience x3 
sanji ≔ x1 is conscious/aware of x2 (object/abstract); x1 discerns/recognizes x2 (object/abstract) 
sanli ≔ x1 stands [is vertically oriented] on surface x2 supported by limbs/support/pedestal x3 
sanmi ≔ x1 (mass) is a meal composed of dishes including x2 
sanso ≔ x1 is a sauce/topping/gravy/frosting for use with x2, containing ingredient(s) including x3 
santa ≔ x1 is an umbrella/parasol shielding x2 from x3, made of material x4, supported by x5 
sarcu ≔ x1 (abstract) is necessary/required for continuing state/process x2 under conditions x3 
sarji ≔ x1 supports/holds up/is underpinning of/[helps] x2 against force/opposition x3 with/by means x4 
sarlu ≔ x1 is a spiral/helix/whorl/[vortex] [shape/form] with limits x2, of dimensionality x3 
sarxe ≔ x1 is harmonious/concordant/in agreement/concord with x2 in property x3 (ka) 
saske ≔ x1 (mass of facts) is science of/about subject matter x2 based on methodology x3 
satci ≔ x1 [measurement/match] is exact/precise to precision x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni) 
-v satre ≔ x1 (agent) strokes/rubs/pets x2 with x3 
savru ≔ x1 is a noise/din/clamor [sensory input without useful information] to x2 via sensory channel x3 
sazri ≔ x1 operates/drives/runs x2 [apparatus/machine] with goal/objective/use/end/function x3 
sefta ≔ x1 is surface/face [bounded shape/form] of [higher-dimension] object x2, on side x3, edges x4 

selfu ≔ x1 (agent) serves x2 with service x3 (activity); x1 is a servant (noun) of x2 performing x3 
senci ≔ x1 sneezes (intransitive verb) 
-va senpi ≔ x1 doubts/is dubious/doubtful/skeptical/questions that x2 (du'u) is true 
senta ≔ x1 is a layer/stratum [shape/form] of x2 [material] within structure/continuum/composite x3 
-v senva ≔ x1 dreams about/that x2 (fact/idea/event/state); x2 is a dream/reverie of x1 
sepli ≔ x1 is apart/separate from x2, separated by partition/wall/gap/interval/separating medium x3 
serti ≔ x1 are stairs/stairway/steps for climbing structure x2 with steps x3 
setca ≔ x1 (agent) inserts/interposes/puts/deposits x2 into interior x3/into among/between members of x3 
sevzi ≔ x1 is a self/ego/id/identity-image of x2 
sfasa ≔ x1 (agent) punishes x2 for infraction x3 (event/state/action) with punishment x4 (event/state) 
-n sfofa ≔ x1 is a sofa/couch (noun) 
-v sfubu ≔ x1 dives/swoops [manner of controlled falling] to x2 from x3 
-v siclu ≔ x1 [sound source] whistles/makes whistling sound/note/tone/melody x2 
-n sicni ≔ x1 is a coin/token/is specie issued by x2 having value x3 of composition including x4 
-n sidbo ≔ x1 (idea abstract) is an idea/concept/thought about x2 (object/abstract) by thinker x3 
-v sidju ≔ x1 helps/assists/aids object/person x2 do/achieve/maintain event/activity x3 
-n sigja ≔ x1 is a cigar/cigarette/cigarillo made from tobacco/smokable substance x2 by x3 
simlu ≔ x1 seems/appears to have property(ies) x2 to observer x3 under conditions x4 
simsa ≔ x1 is similar/parallel to x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni); x1 looks/appears like x2 
simxu ≔ x1 (set) has members who mutually/reciprocally x2 (event [x1 should be reflexive in 1+ sumti]) 
sinma ≔ x1 esteems/respects/venerates/highly regards x2 [object of respect] 
sinxa ≔ x1 is a sign/symbol/signal representing/referring/signifying/meaning x2 to observer x3 
sirji ≔ x1 is straight/direct/line segment/interval between x2 and x3; (adjective:)  x1 is linear 
skapi ≔ x1 is a pelt/skin/hide/leather from x2 
skicu ≔ x1 tells about/describes x2 (object/event/state) to audience x3 with description x4 (property) 
skiji ≔ x1 is a ski/skid/skate/runner for surface (of material) x2 supporting skier/skater/sled/cargo x3 
skina ≔ x1 is a cinema/movie/film about x2 [plot/theme/subject/activity], filmmaker x3, for audience x4 
skori ≔ x1 is cord/cable/rope/line/twine/cordage/woven strands of material x2 
skuro ≔ x1 is a groove/trench/furrow [shape/form] in object/surface x2 
slaka ≔ x1 is a syllable in language x2 
slanu ≔ x1 is a cylinder [shape/form] of material x2 
slari ≔ x1 is sour/tart to observer x2 
sligu ≔ x1 is solid, of composition/material including x2, under conditions x3 
slilu ≔ x1 oscillates at rate/frequency x2 through set/sequence-of-states x3 (complete specification) 
smadi ≔ x1 guesses/conjectures/surmises x2 (du'u) is true about subject x3; [epistemology] 
smuci ≔ x1 is a spoon/scoop (tool) for use x2, made of material x3 
smuni ≔ x1 is a meaning/interpretation of x2 recognized/seen/accepted by x3 
snada ≔ x1 [agent] succeeds in/achieves/completes/accomplishes x2 as a result of effort/attempt/try x3 
snidu ≔ x1 is x2 seconds in duration (default is 1 second) by standard x3 
snime ≔ x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity/expanse of snow 
snipa ≔ x1 adheres/sticks to x2; (adjective:) x1 is sticky/gummy/adhesive 
snuji ≔ x1 is a sandwich/layering [not restricted to food] of x2 sandwiched between x3 
snura ≔ x1 is secure/safe from threat x2 (event) 
snuti ≔ x1 (event/state) is an accident/unintentional on the part of x2; x1 is an accident 
solri ≔ x1 is the sun of home planet x2 (default Earth) of race x3; (adjective:) x1 is solar 
sorcu ≔ x1 is a store/deposit/supply/reserve of materials/energy x2 in containment x3 
spaji ≔ x1 (event/action abstract) surprises/startles/is unexpected [and generally sudden] to x2 
spali ≔ x1 (agent) polishes object/surface x2 with polish x3, applied using tool x4 
spisa ≔ x1 [object/substance] is a piece/portion/lump/chunk/particle of x2 [substance] 
spofu ≔ x1 is broken/inoperable/broken down/non-utile/not usable for function x2 
spoja ≔ x1 bursts/explodes/violently breaks up/decomposes/combusts into pieces/energy/fragments x2 
spuda ≔ x1 answers/replies to/responds to person/object/event/situation/stimulus x2 with response x3 
sputu ≔ x1 spits/expectorates x2 [predominantly liquid] from x3 to/onto x4 
sraji ≔ x1 is vertical/upright/erect/plumb/oriented straight up and down in reference frame/gravity x2 
srana ≔ x1 pertains to/is germane/relevant to/concerns/is related/associated with/is about x2 
srasu ≔ x1 is a blade/expanse of grass of species x2 
stace ≔ x1 is honest/open/truthfully revealing to/candid/frank with x2 about matter/fact x3 
-va stali ≔ x1 remains/stays at/abides/lasts with x2 
stati ≔ x1 has a talent/aptitude/innate skill for doing/being x2 
-v steba ≔ x1 feels frustration about x2 (abstraction) 
steci ≔ x1 (ka) is specific/particular/specialized/[special]/a defining property of x2 among x3 (set) 
-nn stela ≔ x1 is a lock/seal of/on/for sealing x2 with/by locking mechanism x3 
stero ≔ x1 is x2 steradian(s) [metric unit] in solid angle (default is 1) by standard x3 
-va stidi ≔ x1 (agent) suggests/proposes idea/action x2 to audience x3; x1 (event) inspires x2 in/among x3 
-v stika ≔ x1 (event) adjusts/regulates/changes x2 (ka/ni) in amount/degree x3 

-d stodi ≔ x1 is constant/invariant/unchanging in property x2 (ka) in response to stimulus/conditions x3 
-n stura ≔ x1 is a structure/arrangement/organization of x2 [set/system/complexity] 
stuzi ≔ x1 is an inherent/inalienable site/place/position/situation/spot/location of x2 (object/event) 
sudga ≔ x1 is dry of liquid x2; (adjective:) x1 is arid 
suksa ≔ x1 (event/state) is sudden/sharply changes at stage/point x2 in process/property/function x3 
-m sumji ≔ x1 is a mathematical sum/result/total of x2 plus/increased by x3 
-vb sumne ≔ x1 (experiencer) smells/scents (transitive verb) x2; x2 smells/has odor/scent to observer x1 
-v surla ≔ x1 relaxes/rests/is at ease in/by doing/being x2 (activity) 
-d sutra ≔ x1 is fast/swift/quick/hastes/rapid at doing/being/bringing about x2 (event/state) 
-nn tabra ≔ x1 is a horn/trumpet/trombone/bugle [brass-wind/lip-reed musical instrument] 
tadji ≔ x1 [process] is a method/technique/approach/means for doing x2 (event) under conditions x3 
tadni ≔ x1 studies/is a student of x2; x1 is a scholar; (adjective:) x1 is scholarly 
tagji ≔ x1 is snug/tight on x2 in dimension/direction x3 at locus x4 
talsa ≔ x1 (person) challenges x2 at/in property x3 
tanbo ≔ x1 is a board/plank [3-dimensional long flat rectangle] of material x2 
tanru ≔ x1 is a binary metaphor formed with x2 modifying x3, giving meaning x4 in usage/instance x5 
tansi ≔ x1 is a pan/basin/tub/sink, a shallow container for contents x2, of material/properties x3 
-nn tanxe ≔ x1 is a box/carton/trunk/crate for contents x2, and made of material x3 
-na tapla ≔ x1 is a tile/cake [shape/form] of material x2, shape x3, thickness x4 
-nn tarbi ≔ x1 is an embryo/zygote/fetus/fertilized egg with mother x2, and father x3 
-nn tarci ≔ x1 is a star/sun with stellar properties x2 
-na tarmi ≔ x1 [ideal] is the conceptual shape/form of object/abstraction/manifestation x2 (object/abstract) 
-va tarti ≔ x1 behaves/conducts oneself as/in-manner x2 (event/property) under conditions x3 
tcaci ≔ x1 is a custom/habit/[ritual/rut] of x2 under conditions x3 
-n tcadu ≔ x1 is a town/city of metropolitan area x2, in political unit x3, serving hinterland/region x4 
-va tcena ≔ x1 stretches/extends to range x2 [interval/extent] in dimension x3 from relaxed range x4 
-va tcica ≔ x1 (event/experience) misleads/deceives/dupes/fools/cheats/tricks x2 into x3 (event/state) 
-vb tcidu ≔ x1 [agent] reads x2 [text] from surface/document/reading material x3; x1 is a reader 
-d tcila ≔ x1 is a detail/feature/particular of x2 
-n tcima ≔ x1 is weather at place/region x2; (adjective:) x1 is meteorological 
-na tcini ≔ x1 [state/property] is a situation/condition/state/position/are conditions/circumstances of x2 
-na tcita ≔ x1 is a label/tag of x2 showing information x3 
-m temci ≔ x1 is the time-duration/interval/period/[elapsed time] from time/event x2 to time/event x3 
-m tenfa ≔ x1 is the exponential result of base x2 to power/exponent x3 
tengu ≔ x1 (property-ka) is a texture of x2 
terdi ≔ x1 is the Earth/the home planet of race x2; (adjective:) x1 is terrestrial/earthbound 
-vd terpa ≔ x1 fears x2; x1 is afraid/scared/frightened by/fearful of x2 (event/tu'a object) 
-v tigni ≔ x1 performs x2 [performance] for/before audience x3 
-vb tikpa ≔ x1 kicks [hits with x1's foot/feet x4] x2 in/at locus x3, using x1's foot/feet x4 
-d tilju ≔ x1 is heavy/weighty in mass/weight by standard x2 
-vd tinbe ≔ x1 obeys/follows the command/rule x2 made by x3; (adjective:) x1 is obedient 
-d tinsa ≔ x1 is stiff/rigid/inflexible/resistant in direction x2 against force x3 under conditions x4 
tirna ≔ x1 hears x2 against background/noise x3; x2 is audible; (adjective:) x1 is aural 
tisna ≔ x1 (object) fills/becomes stuffed [up]/inflates/blows up with material x2; x2 pours into x1 
titla ≔ x1 is sweet/sugary/saccharine to observer x2 
traji ≔ x1 is superlative in property x2 (ka), the x3 extreme (ka; default ka zmadu) among set/range x4 
trati ≔ x1 is taut/tense/strained tight in direction x2 
trene ≔ x1 is a train [vehicle] of cars/units x2 (mass) for rails/system/railroad x3, propelled by x4 
trina ≔ x1 attracts/appeals to/lures x2 (person/event) with property/quality x3 (ka) 
trixe ≔ x1 is posterior/behind/back/in the rear of x2 which faces/in-frame-of-reference x3 
troci ≔ x1 tries/attempts/makes an effort to do/attain x2 (event/state/property) by actions/method x3 
-d banli ≔ x1 is great/grand in property x2 (ka) by standard x3 
tsali ≔ x1 is strong/powerful/[tough] in property/quality x2 (ka) by standard x3 
tsani ≔ x1 is an expanse of sky/the heavens at place x2; [celestial] 

tsina ≔ x1 is a stage/platform/dais/[scaffold] at/in x2 supporting x3, made of material x4 
tubnu ≔ x1 is a length of tubing/pipe/hollow cylinder [shape/form] of material x2, hollow of material x3 
tugni ≔ x1 [person] agrees with person(s)/position/side x2 that x3 (du'u) is true about matter x4 
tumla ≔ x1 is a parcel/expanse of land at location x2; x1 is terrain 
tunta ≔ x1 (object, usually pointed) pokes/jabs/stabs/prods x2 (experiencer) 
turni ≔ x1 governs/rules/is ruler/governor/sovereign/reigns over people/territory/domain/subjects x2 
tutci ≔ x1 is a tool/utensil/resource/instrument/implement used for doing x2; [form determines function] 
tutra ≔ x1 is territory/domain/space of/belonging to/controlled by x2 
vajni ≔ x1 (object/event) is important/significant to x2 (person/event) in aspect/for reason x3 (nu/ka) 
vamji ≔ x1 (ni) is the equivalent value/worth of x2 [item(s) of value] to x3 for use/appreciation x4 
vamtu ≔ x1 vomits/regurgitates x2; x1 throws x2 up; [violent] digestive expulsion 
vanbi ≔ x1 (ind./mass) is part of an environment/surroundings/context/ambience of x2 
vanci ≔ x1 is an evening [from end-of-work until sleep typical for locale] of day x2 at location x3 
vasru ≔ x1 contains/holds/encloses/includes contents x2 within; x1 is a vessel containing x2 
vensa ≔ x1 is spring/springtime [warming season] of year x2 at location x3; (adjective:) x1 is vernal 
verba ≔ x1 is a child/kid/juvenile [a young person] of age x2, immature by standard x3 
vifne ≔ (adjective:) x1 is fresh/unspoiled 
viknu ≔ x1 is thick/viscous under conditions x2 
vindu ≔ x1 is poisonous/venomous/toxic/a toxin to x2 
vipsi ≔ x1 is a deputy/vice/subordinate in aspect [or organization principle] x2 (ka) to principal x3 
virnu ≔ x1 is brave/valiant/courageous in activity x2 (event) by standard x3 
vitci ≔ x1 is irregular/occasional/intermittent in property/action/aspect x2 
vitke ≔ x1 is a guest/visitor of x2 at place/event x3; x1 visits x2/x3 
vitno ≔ x1 is permanent/lasting/[eternal] in property x2 (ka) by standard x3 [time-span/expectant one] 
vlile ≔ x1 is an event/state/act of violence 
vlina ≔ x1 is a logical alternation/disjunction, stating that x2 (du'u) and/or x3 (du'u) is/are true 
vlipa ≔ x1 has the power to bring about x2 under conditions x3; x1 is powerful in aspect x2 under x3 
vraga ≔ x1 is a lever [tool] [of apparatus] for doing x2 [function/action], with fulcrum x3 and arm x4 
vrude ≔ x1 is virtuous/saintly/[fine/moral/nice/holy/morally good] by standard x2 
vrusi ≔ x1 (ka) is a taste/flavor of/emitted by x2; x2 tastes of/like x1 
xabju ≔ x1 dwells/lives/resides/abides at/inhabits/is a resident of location/habitat/nest/home/abode x2 
xadba ≔ x1 is exactly/approximately half/semi-/demi-/hemi- of x2 by standard x3 
xagri ≔ x1 is a oboe/clarinet/saxophone [reed musical instrument] with reed x2 
xajmi ≔ x1 is funny/comical to x2 in property/aspect x3 (nu/ka); x3 is what is funny about x1 to x2 
xaksu ≔ x1 (event) uses up/depletes/consumes/[wastes] x2 [resource] 
xalbo ≔ x1 uses levity/is non-serious/frivolous about x2 (abstraction) 
xanka ≔ x1 is nervous/anxious about x2 (abstraction) under conditions x3 
xanri ≔ x1 [concept] exists in the imagination of/is imagined by/is imaginary to x2 
xendo ≔ x1 (person) is kind to x2 in actions/behavior x3 
-v xlura ≔ x1 (agent) influences/lures/tempts x2 into action/state x3 by influence/threat/lure x4 

-v xrani ≔ x1 (event) injures/harms/damages victim x2 in property x3 (ka) resulting in injury x4 (state) 
xruti ≔ x1 (agent) returns x2 to origin/earlier state x3 from x4; x1 moves/gives x2 back to x3 from x4 

-v xusra ≔ x1 (agent) asserts/claims/declares x2 (du'u) is true [can be used for epistemology of authority] 
xutla ≔ x1 is smooth/even/[soft/silky] in texture/regularity 
zabna ≔ x1 is a favorable connotation/sense/way-of-looking-at x2 used by x3 
-n zajba ≔ x1 is a gymnast at/performs gymnastics feat x2 
zalvi ≔ x1 [individual or mass of hard surfaces] grinds/pulverizes/crushes x2 into powder x3 
zanru ≔ x1 approves of/gives favor to plan/action x2 (object/event) 
zasni ≔ x1 is temporary/not permanent/expected to change in property x2 (ka) by standard/expectant x3 
zasti ≔ x1 exists/is real/actual/reality for x2 under metaphysics x3 
zbasu ≔ x1 makes/assembles/builds/manufactures/creates x2 out of materials/parts/components x3 
zbepi ≔ x1 is a pedestal/base/stand/pallet supporting x2 (object/event), of materials/properties x3 
zdile ≔ x1 (abstract) is amusing/entertaining to x2 in property/aspect x3; x3 is what amuses x2 about x1 
zekri ≔ x1 (event/state) is a punishable crime/[taboo/sin] to people/culture/judges/jury x2 

zgana ≔ x1 observes/[notices]/watches/beholds x2 using senses/means x3 under conditions x4 
zifre ≔ x1 is free/at liberty to do/be x2 (event/state) under conditions x3 
zivle ≔ x1 (agent) invests resources x2 in investment x3 expecting return/profit x4 (object(s)/event) 

zmiku ≔ x1 is automatic in function x2 under conditions x3 

zunti ≔ x1 (evt./state) interferes with/hinders/disrupts x2 (evt./state/process) due to quality x3 (ka) 
zutse ≔ x1 sits [assumes sitting position] on surface x2 
zvati ≔ x1 (object/event) is at/attending/present at x2 (event/location) 

-------------------------------

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-m djine ≔ x1 is a ring/annulus/torus/circle [shape/form] of material x2, inside diam. x3, outside diam. x4 
--
-n djacu ≔ x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity/expanse of water; (adjective:) x1 is aqueous/[aquatic] 

ralju ≔ x1 is principal/chief/leader/main/[staple], most significant among x2 (set) in property x3 (ka) 
jatna ≔ x1 is captain/commander/leader/in-charge/boss of vehicle/domain x2 
-na jamna ≔ x1 (person/mass) wars against x2 over territory/matter x3; x1 is at war with x2 

-nn minji ≔ x1 is a machine for use/function x2; [automated apparatus, without direct function control] 

-nn mrilu ≔ x1 mails/posts [transfer via intermediary service] x2 to x3 from x4 by carrier/network/system x5 

casnu ≔ x1(s) (mass normally, but 1 individual/jo'u possible) discuss(es)/talk(s) about topic/subject x2 
-va facki ≔ x1 discovers/finds out x2 (du'u) about subject/object x3; x1 finds (fi) x3 (object) 
-nn ninmu ≔ x1 is a woman/women; x1 is a female humanoid person [not necessarily adult] 
-n judri ≔ x1 is an address of/are coordinates of x2 in system x3 
-he burna ≔ x1 is embarrassed/disconcerted/flustered/ill-at-ease about/under conditions x2 (abstraction) 

sivni ≔ x1 is private/personal/privy/[secret/confidential/confined] to x2; x1 is not-public/hidden 
jvinu ≔ x1 is the view/scene/panorama/sight/prospect of x2 (object/location) from point-of-view x3 
-va sitna ≔ x1 cites/quotes/refers to/makes reference to source x2 for information/statement x3 (du'u) 
jinsa ≔ x1 (object) is clean/pure of material/contaminant/dirt x2 by standard x3 




############## descriptive
cilce ≔ (adjective:) x1 is wild/untamed 
bebna ≔ x1 is foolish/silly in event/action/property [folly] (ka) x2; x1 is a boob 

######### abstract nouns
cimde ≔ x1 (property - ka) is a dimension of space/object x2 according to rules/model x3 
cimni ≔ x1 is infinite/unending/eternal in property/dimension x2, to degree x3 (quantity)/of type x3 

######### directions
snanu ≔ x1 is to the south/southern side of x2 according to frame of reference x3 
berti ≔ x1 is to the north/northern side [right-hand-rule pole] of x2 according to frame of reference x3 
stuna ≔ x1 is to the east/eastern side of x2 according to frame of reference x3 
stici ≔ x1 is to the west/western side of x2 according to frame of reference x3 

####### male female
nakni ≔ x1 is a male/buck of species x2 evidencing masculine trait(s) x3 (ka); x1 is masculine 
fetsi ≔ x1 is a female/doe of species x2 evidencing feminine trait(s) x3 (ka); x1 is feminine 

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